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Diabetes melitus (DM) penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar gula dalam darah akibat adanya gangguan pada sistem metabolisme tubuh. Kadar gula darah dapat dikendalikan dengan adanya aktivitas fisik. Selain itu dalam rangka mengendalikan dan menjaga kadar gula darah pasien tetap berada dalam batas normal dengan memperhatikan asupan zat gizi nya (karbohidrat, protein, lemak, dan serat). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik, asupan zat gizi (karbohidrat, lemak, protein dan serat) dan RLPP dengan kadar gula darah pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di RSIJ Pondok Kopi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2016 di Poli Penyakit Dalam RSIJ Pondok Kopi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan jumlah sampel 34 responden. Variabel dependen yaitu kadar gula darah dan variabel independen adalah aktivitas fisik, asupan zat gizi (karbohidrat, protein, lemak, dan serat) dan RLPP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 34 responden terdapat 16 responden (47%) memiliki aktifitas fisik berat. Asupan protein sebesar 53% asupan kurang, asupan lemak sebesar 59% asupan kurang, asupan karbohidrat sebesar 50% asupan lebih, asupan serat sebesar 44% asupan kurang, RLPP sebesar 50% memiliki RLPP rendah dan kadar gula darah sebesar 62% memiliki kadar gula darah buruk. Hasil Bivariat menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara aktivitas fisik, asupan karbohidrat, asupan serat dan RLPP dengan nilai p-value p = 0,004, p = 0,032, p = 0,013, p = 0,032. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan protein dan lemak dengan kadar gula darah dengan nilai p-value p = 0,725, p = 0,080. Hasil Multivariat menyatakan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh dengan kadar gula darah adalah aktivitas fisik dan RLPP dengan nilai sig. 0,008 dan nilai sig. 0,038.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by blood sugar levels due to disturbances in the body's metabolic system. Blood sugar levels can be controlled with physical activity. Besides maintain the patient's blood sugar levels remained within normal limits with respect intake nutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of physical activity, intake of nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, protein and fiber) and waist hip ratio with blood sugar levels of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus RSIJ Pondok Kopi. This research was conducted in July 2016 in poly medicine at RSIJ Pondok Kopi. The method used is cross sectional. Sampling was done by purposive sampling techniques and sample of 34 respondents. The dependent variable is blood sugar levels and the independent variables are physical activity, intake of nutrients (carbohydrates, protein, fat and fiber) and waist to hip ratio. The results showed that out of 34 respondents are 16 respondents (47%) had a strenuous physical activity. protein intake by 53% intake is less, your fat intake by 59% intake of less, carbohydrate intake by 50% higher intake, dietary fiber intake by 44% intake is less, the ratio of waist circumference pelvis of 50% had a ratio of waist pelvis and blood sugar levels 62% had poor blood sugar levels. Bivariate results indicate that the relationship between physical activity, intake of carbohydrates, dietary fiber intake and pelvic waist circumference ratio with p-value p = 0.004, p = 0.032, p = 0.013, p = 0.032. There was no relationship between intake of protein and fat in blood sugar levels with a p-value p = 0.725, p = 0.080. Results of multivariate stated that the most influential variable with blood sugar levels is a physical activity and physical pelvic waist circumference ratio with sig. 0.008 and 0.038 sig.